We reported an excellent article by Louis Chauvel, compiling an inventory particularly grim for young people in France presented as a social loser on all counts of the social model "French". Terra nova extends the discussion by responding Guillaume Allègre co-author of Terra Nova "The autonomy of youth serving youth." So what? If he shares with the same finding Chauvel worried and stressed the need for deep structural reforms (particularly in respect of an educational system marked by failure and disqualification, autonomy by the payment of a "capital formation" ) he clearly denies the explanatory presuppositions: for it is Allègre "counterproductive" to oppose the generations. Social classes determine indeed in his distinctive paths for different groups of belonging: a young man from the suburbs do not have the same opportunities and conditions for a study of senior son, the cause is extensive, it does there could be a condition common sense of belonging .. In short, he accuses Chauvel to overvalue the generational cleavages left to overshadow the sacrosanct "social question". The reasoning is questionable, however, because the converse would be equally Advanced: to force to focus on the social question, we may ignore all the divisions and conflicts that working class at first presented as homogeneous. We also know that feminist thought and the sociology of "minorities" has often criticized this approach is "blind" that dissolves the specific problems in a major speech generic Marxist or Republican.
A class approach is a sociological model abstract among others, probably the generational model is he in the French social sciences far had a limited response but the question is whether this model is operative for reporting of social issues is still largely ignored. Can we therefore refer the problems facing young people in their studies on the labor market, access to self, to a simple question of social inequality as a welfare state at its best redistributive form could probably solve? Of course not. The plea of Mr. Sill is more to be a pro domo unconditional defense of the old welfare state with all its manifest failures and deadlocks If educational material readily concede that there is indeed to get on with the reforms (but the left will she have the political courage?), it presents the model of intergenerational solidarity centralized by the state (levy redistribution) as an ideal organization benefiting all. And to support this statement confusing, he recalled the recent mobilization of youth against the pension reform ... Young people can spontaneously, magically, this social model is the best possible system, see Chauvel why would oppose a youth learned about all his elders gather for communion in this church shared the "social gains" ! One could argue that the sociologist fieldwork just push would probably reveal the motivations multiple, contradictory, paradoxical, that led young people to demonstrate, to the surprise of unions and leftist parties and it would not certainly not the first time that the insurgency would be retrieved to enable young professionals to advance their policy of small business. The survey reveals that these events may have had a symptomatic, and that behind the parades and their slogans read easily without doubt a real concern and a desire to influence and participate on great choice of society. But the problem of Mr. Allegre is clearly not the youth "in a galley," assigned to a deteriorated condition, it is the unconditional defense of a symbolic order (a "marker") even if this must be done on the back a part of youth. It is not the only one left out of the old welfare state is no salvation! Nothing new but still it is surprising from a think-tank that claims to prepare 2012, the left is still mired in the status of the joint program, the disillusioned tomorrows ahead .... What classist approach yet it lacks the experience concrete individual paths each with the same glass ceilings in place for the best of reasons: inflation of diplomas, endless studies, universities that lead nowhere, fierce competition in schools, barriers, numerus clausus, internships, part-time ... always with the premium on seniority, an ordeal that not only the youngest of neighborhoods, but also better off Precarious Generation. Between the "desired site" and "offered up", what obstacle course, true "social hazing ".... What Louis Chauvel tip very well, is that this "model office "is in no way universal (yet universalist fiction!) but generational and behind the myth of social cohesion, this model is based on a division between insiders and outsiders, he always gives more rights and" privileges "to those who already enjoy statutory recognition, and is devoted less to those who should be its priority (youth, women, immigrants, and other external outsiders), they defended places statutory and non-mobility social remains the major problem of youth. What is, however, the broad field of action of the welfare state if it is precisely the social question must still ask it in the terms correct and current, aging population, structural unemployment which France has never emerged and which leads to a devaluation of diplomas undermine the confidence of younger generations in this "social model" they will increasingly have to pay without having their benefits and the benefits (the issue of dependence for the elderly and its funding will be discussed at the next presidential like pensions, not sure if the youth is on the agendas of the PS and the UMP). Allègre seems to fear the appearance of internal divisions in the social class as if all the actors who compose them had factro of the same interests, the boss is he the enemy of its employees, certainly not, he provided the same interests and priorities? probably not and it is this plurality of interest recognized that the state must mediate and harmonize. Increasing teachers' salaries necessarily respond to the aspirations of her high school and college, will she mechanically improve student achievement, help reform our education system? nothing is certain but the unions are satisfied. The generic term covers employees does the extraordinary diversity of situations ? the women have the same demands as men, they face the same difficulties? young employees do they have the same claims as their elders? Between the young and insecure employees who currently retire, can we really speak of a common destiny and perpetuate the mythology of a uniform wage while cleavages incoming / outgoing calls have never been supported? Each individual in a society aspires to be recognized as an actor and body that can and should participate in the organization of "social". This is not to liquidate the welfare state but to reinvent it, in historical conditions that are no longer those of 1945 or 1981, as we must rethink the social contract that is associated with all components of society and young people should have their place here as they are ultimately the losers of the models Social variable adjustment policies of both right and left. Ultimately, what Mr. lightens denies youth as class and social issues specific to refer to socio-economic determinations after all, very classic, almost worse about it evoke the social question as it was asked in the Sixties -ten! Finally, note that in his speech appears Youth as a "social influence", a default actor, which calls primarily political support, at no time contemplated that young people can, as long as the reformed welfare state gives him the means, a force creative, enriching and dynamic element to the benefit of the whole society, not only culturally but also economic and social. Because in the absence of economic recovery (land on which the left has long surrendered alas) that would increase the number of seats proposed, quality and mobility of young people, it is unclear how long these young impoverished , sentenced survival, will continue to receive the alms of the best systems possible without wanting in 2005 as an outright rebellion.
A class approach is a sociological model abstract among others, probably the generational model is he in the French social sciences far had a limited response but the question is whether this model is operative for reporting of social issues is still largely ignored. Can we therefore refer the problems facing young people in their studies on the labor market, access to self, to a simple question of social inequality as a welfare state at its best redistributive form could probably solve? Of course not. The plea of Mr. Sill is more to be a pro domo unconditional defense of the old welfare state with all its manifest failures and deadlocks If educational material readily concede that there is indeed to get on with the reforms (but the left will she have the political courage?), it presents the model of intergenerational solidarity centralized by the state (levy redistribution) as an ideal organization benefiting all. And to support this statement confusing, he recalled the recent mobilization of youth against the pension reform ... Young people can spontaneously, magically, this social model is the best possible system, see Chauvel why would oppose a youth learned about all his elders gather for communion in this church shared the "social gains" ! One could argue that the sociologist fieldwork just push would probably reveal the motivations multiple, contradictory, paradoxical, that led young people to demonstrate, to the surprise of unions and leftist parties and it would not certainly not the first time that the insurgency would be retrieved to enable young professionals to advance their policy of small business. The survey reveals that these events may have had a symptomatic, and that behind the parades and their slogans read easily without doubt a real concern and a desire to influence and participate on great choice of society. But the problem of Mr. Allegre is clearly not the youth "in a galley," assigned to a deteriorated condition, it is the unconditional defense of a symbolic order (a "marker") even if this must be done on the back a part of youth. It is not the only one left out of the old welfare state is no salvation! Nothing new but still it is surprising from a think-tank that claims to prepare 2012, the left is still mired in the status of the joint program, the disillusioned tomorrows ahead .... What classist approach yet it lacks the experience concrete individual paths each with the same glass ceilings in place for the best of reasons: inflation of diplomas, endless studies, universities that lead nowhere, fierce competition in schools, barriers, numerus clausus, internships, part-time ... always with the premium on seniority, an ordeal that not only the youngest of neighborhoods, but also better off Precarious Generation. Between the "desired site" and "offered up", what obstacle course, true "social hazing ".... What Louis Chauvel tip very well, is that this "model office "is in no way universal (yet universalist fiction!) but generational and behind the myth of social cohesion, this model is based on a division between insiders and outsiders, he always gives more rights and" privileges "to those who already enjoy statutory recognition, and is devoted less to those who should be its priority (youth, women, immigrants, and other external outsiders), they defended places statutory and non-mobility social remains the major problem of youth. What is, however, the broad field of action of the welfare state if it is precisely the social question must still ask it in the terms correct and current, aging population, structural unemployment which France has never emerged and which leads to a devaluation of diplomas undermine the confidence of younger generations in this "social model" they will increasingly have to pay without having their benefits and the benefits (the issue of dependence for the elderly and its funding will be discussed at the next presidential like pensions, not sure if the youth is on the agendas of the PS and the UMP). Allègre seems to fear the appearance of internal divisions in the social class as if all the actors who compose them had factro of the same interests, the boss is he the enemy of its employees, certainly not, he provided the same interests and priorities? probably not and it is this plurality of interest recognized that the state must mediate and harmonize. Increasing teachers' salaries necessarily respond to the aspirations of her high school and college, will she mechanically improve student achievement, help reform our education system? nothing is certain but the unions are satisfied. The generic term covers employees does the extraordinary diversity of situations ? the women have the same demands as men, they face the same difficulties? young employees do they have the same claims as their elders? Between the young and insecure employees who currently retire, can we really speak of a common destiny and perpetuate the mythology of a uniform wage while cleavages incoming / outgoing calls have never been supported? Each individual in a society aspires to be recognized as an actor and body that can and should participate in the organization of "social". This is not to liquidate the welfare state but to reinvent it, in historical conditions that are no longer those of 1945 or 1981, as we must rethink the social contract that is associated with all components of society and young people should have their place here as they are ultimately the losers of the models Social variable adjustment policies of both right and left. Ultimately, what Mr. lightens denies youth as class and social issues specific to refer to socio-economic determinations after all, very classic, almost worse about it evoke the social question as it was asked in the Sixties -ten! Finally, note that in his speech appears Youth as a "social influence", a default actor, which calls primarily political support, at no time contemplated that young people can, as long as the reformed welfare state gives him the means, a force creative, enriching and dynamic element to the benefit of the whole society, not only culturally but also economic and social. Because in the absence of economic recovery (land on which the left has long surrendered alas) that would increase the number of seats proposed, quality and mobility of young people, it is unclear how long these young impoverished , sentenced survival, will continue to receive the alms of the best systems possible without wanting in 2005 as an outright rebellion.
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